Which change in data indicates to the nurse that the desired effect of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist valsartan has been achieved?

• A. Dependent edema reduced from +3 to +1.
• B. Serum HDL increased from 35 to 55 mg/dl.
• C. Pulse rate reduced from 150 to 90 beats/minute.
• D. Blood pressure reduced from 160/90 to 130/80.

Answer: (D)

The desired effect of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist valsartan is primarily to lower blood pressure. Valsartan works by blocking the action of angiotensin II, a substance in the body that constricts blood vessels, thereby causing blood pressure to rise. By inhibiting this action, valsartan helps to relax blood vessels and consequently lower blood pressure.

In the context of this question, a reduction in blood pressure from 160/90 to 130/80 demonstrates a significant and clinically important decrease, indicating that the medication is effective. This improvement suggests that the drug is working as intended to manage hypertension, leading to a lower risk of complications such as stroke or heart disease.

Other indicators of health, such as changes in dependent edema, serum HDL levels, or pulse rates, while potentially important, do not directly reflect the primary therapeutic goal of valsartan. Therefore, the change in blood pressure is the most relevant and direct indicator of the effective action of the medication.